英語閱讀理解技巧主旨
主旨大意題主要是測試考生對壹篇文章或壹段文字的深層理解程度及在速讀中準確把握文章主旨大意的能力。下面我給大家整理有關英語閱讀理解主旨大意題的解題技巧，歡迎大家閱讀學習!
主旨大意題解題技巧
主旨大意題主要是測試考生對壹篇文章或壹段文字的深層理解程度及在速讀中準確把握文章主旨大意的能力。壹般針對某壹語段或某壹語篇的主題標題或目的設題。
常見的設題方式有:
1 標題類常見的標題型題幹
1)The best title/ headline for this passage might be_____________.
2)The text (passage) could be entitled ______________.
3)What is the best title for the passage?
4)Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage?
2 大意類常見的主題型題幹
5) This passage chiefly deals with____________.
6) What?s the topic of the article?
7) What is the subject discussed in the text?
8) With what topic is the passage chiefly concerned?
3 目的主旨大意題
The author?s main purpose in writing the passage is______. The passage is meant to _____ The purpose of this article is _______
這類題通常圍繞壹個中心思想展開。不少文章壹開頭便展示出文章的中心思想。第壹段常常是內容的梗概，同時又表達了中心思想，但是不少文章的中心思想貫穿全文，並沒有用壹句話明確表達出來。這就要求學生學會歸納概括。每個段落往往也由壹個主題句或幾個陳述句構成，它們在句中的位置不同，有時在開頭,首先點明本段大意; 有時在結尾, 總結本段大意。
做這類題，首先要找出文章的主題句。找出文章的主題句，也就明確了文章要講什麽，再通過速讀全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。另外在許多文段中，沒有可以概括全段意義的主題句，必須根據文章中所提供的事實細節，進行全面分析，然後歸納成壹般概念。但必須註意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括時過於寬泛，要恰如其分。
A.主題句呈現的形式
1?文首開門見山, 提出主題, 隨之用細節來解釋, 支撐或發展主題句所表達的主題思想. 最常見的演繹法寫作方式. 例1.The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.
例2.Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on earth will not survive.
2).文尾?在表述細節後, 歸納要點, 印象, 結論建議或結果, 以概括主題. 這是英語中最常見的歸納法寫作方式
3).文中通常前面只提出問題， 文中的主題由隨之陳述的細節或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導出, 而後又作進壹步的解釋, 支撐或發展.
例4.Nothing is as useful as a flashlight in a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand a camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.
4).首尾呼應?為突出主題, 作者先提出主題, 結尾時再次點出主題, 這種首尾呼應的'寫作方式較為多見. 但前後表述主題的句子不是簡單的重復, 後面的表述往往有進壹步的引申或發展的意味。
例5.?首段?Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes, ? It was seeing people with snakes bites that led me to the career.?she said?
?尾段?The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes.‖Shu said.
5).無主題句?即主題句隱含在全文中, 沒有明確的主題句. 必須根據文篇中所提供的事實細節?進行全面考慮?綜合分析?然後找出***同的東西?歸納成壹般概念。必須註意的是?既不能以偏概全?也不能在概括時過於寬泛?要恰如其分。
例6.Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.
Q: What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer. B. Bingham is a diligent student.
C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education. D. A good lawyer needs good education.
[分析]此文沒有主題句。全篇***四句?只陳述了四個細節(detail)性的事實。因此就答案本身看?個個都對。讀者只能將所有的details綜合起來?進行邏輯推理?才能構成壹個沒有言明的主題思想(unstated main idea)。由於文中主要涉及了Joshua Bingham接受教育的情況?即作者想告訴我們的是?Joshua Bingham接受過良好的教育?所以答案是 ?
除了以上主題句呈現的常見形式外還要註意標誌詞 文章或段落的主題句常常會出現在壹些標誌性的提示後。如?on the whole, as a result, in short, therefore, thus?..I agree with the opinion that?.;Given all these points above, I would support the idea that?.; For all the reasons mentioned above, I would prefer?.
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